With the increase in the sharing of data and information online,
there is a need to maintain proper
routing and efficient data transmission from sender to the receiver node,
1 - What are switching techniques?
2 - Why apply switching techniques?
and
3 - Types of switching techniques
1 - What Are Switching Techniques
Switching techniques are network techniques
responsible for overseeing the transmission of data over different communication
channels,
they are also responsible for
choosing the best route for data transfer,
2 - Why Apply Switching Techniques?
Using the switching techniques we
can choose the best and the most efficient route for data transfer in the
network,
for example if we want to send some
data from node a to node b,
we can do so by moving from node a
to a switch then node d then to node b,
but doesn't this seems like too long
this is where the switching techniques plays its role,
using the switching technique we can
choose the smallest and the most efficient way that is node a switch then to
the node b,
3 - Types Of Switching Techniques
Switching techniques can be divided
into three primary types,
1
- Circuit switching
That requires a predestined path for
data transmission.
2
- Message switching
Which integrates the destination
address with the data for transmission.
3
- Packet switching
That divides its message into smaller units known as packets.
Packet switching can further be
divided into two different types that
are
virtual switching, and
data ground switching.
Detail
of Types of Switching
1 - Circuit Switching
In circuit switching for data transmission
to occur,
a pre-established path is required
between the sender and the receiver node.
for example assume that we call
someone then this request is sent over to the network switches,
and the route is to be established
for the signal to pass through.
after that system assigns a route
for the signal to pass through then the receiver receives the call from the caller
side, this is how it works.
Let's look into some points to remember
about circuit switching for circuit switching we require a dedicated channel
established between the source and the destination node for the network to pass
through,
the data transmission can take place
only after the path is established,
Point to remember
The sender and the destination node
no node can interfere with the transmission of data to the established route.
Let's look at some advantages and disadvantages
of applying circuit switching in a network.
Advantages
Data transmission in circuit
switching is sure to be established due to the predestined path,
Circuit switching is preferred for
long and continuous transmission of data due to the pre-established path route.
Disadvantages
The time required to establish the connection
is quite long due to the time required to establish a path,
also due to the continuous
transmission of data in circuit switching more bandwidth is required for maintaining
the connection.
2 - Message Switching
In message switching no predestined
path is established between the sender and the destination node in the message.
This technique integrates the destination
address into the data transmitted and shared over the network.
let's look into the setup to better understand
the working of message switching.
for first step the center node integrates
the destination address into the message,
then the whole message is
transmitted to the switching node in the network,
where it gets stored for the next
transmission,
and similarly like the second step
this transmission of data is done over the whole network,
and finally through the destination
address in the data it reaches the receiver's node,
this is how the message switching
works.
Points to remember
In message switching no predestined
path is established,
It uses dynamic routing as the
message is transmitted through the communication channel in real time,
the each node in network switching stores
the data unless it is transferred over to the next switch node,
Advantages
The size of the data that can be transmitted
over method switching is variable,
In message switching the use of bandwidth
is done in an efficient manner.
Disadvantages
For message switching the nodes that
are known as the switch node is to be provided with sufficient storage memory.
There is a delay in reaching the destination
due to the message technique,
that is the message has to stop at
each of the switch node before it is transferred over to the destination node.
3 - Packet Switching
In packet switching the message is broken
into smaller data units known as packets.
These packets are appended with
relevant network details for the transmission over the network.
Let's look into the working of
packet switching
we know that in packet switching the
data is broken into smaller units packets.
Which each packet is given a
sequence number for identification,
these packets are integrated with required
sender and receiver address and switching method to choose the smallest route
to reach the destination node,
these packets are then recombined at
the destination node in the correct sequence order.
Points to remember
For packet switching all the data packets
that are provided with unique number for identification at the receiver end
that is.
One two three and four in the
previous example we just used,
packet switching chooses the most shortest
path possible for the data to reach the destination end,
In case we have unreached packet or some
unattained packet,
the whole message from the sender
side is sent again to the receiver end.
Advantages
It provides re-routing in case the network
node is busy,
it also allows multiple user to
access the same network and no predestined path is needed,
Disadvantage
The protocols that are needed for
the working of packet switching is very complex,
There are often cases of loss of
data packets during the transmission in case of overloading or corruption of
data.
with this we have understood how our data is transmitted over different communication channels and how to choose the most efficient path to reach the destination end.
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